Phase 1 To put it simply, this pathway converts a toxic chemical by various chemical reactions, and during this process free radicals are produced which, if excessive, can damage the liver cells. Some substances make this pathway overactive: caffeine, alcohol, saturated fats, exhaust fumes.
Phase 2 For efficient Phase 2 detoxification, the liver cells require sulphur-containing amino acids. The nutrients glycine, glutamine, choline, and inositol are also required.
